[Django] 06.자동화된 테스트

첫 번째 장고 앱작성하기, part 5

• 애플리케이션을 구축했으면 자동화 테스트를 작성

 

테스트가 필요한 이유

• 특정 모델 메소드에서 예상된 값을 반환하는지
• 사이트에서 사용자의 입력 시퀀스가 원하는 결과를 생성하는지
• 등등..

 

버그 테스트 케이스 만들기

• polls/tests.py

import datetime

from django.utils import timezone
from django.test import TestCase

from .models import Question


class QuestionModelTests(TestCase):

    def test_was_published_recently_with_future_question(self):
        """
        was_published_recently() returns False for questions whose pub_date
        is in the future.
        """
        time = timezone.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=30)
        future_question = Question(pub_date=time)
        self.assertIs(future_question.was_published_recently(), False)

 

테스트 실행

python manage.py test polls

 

버그 수정

• polls/models.py

def was_published_recently(self):
    now = timezone.now()
    return now - datetime.timedelta(days=1) <= self.pub_date <= now

 

포괄적인 테스트

• waspublishedrecently()메소드를 고정하게 되면, 다른 버그를 하나 고치면 새로운 버그가 생길 수 있기 때문에 메소드의 동작을 보다 포괄적으로 테스트하기 위해 동이한 클래스에 두가지 테스트 메소드를 추가
• polls/tests.py

def test_was_published_recently_with_old_question(self):
    """
    was_published_recently() returns False for questions whose pub_date
    is older than 1 day.
    """
    time = timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1, seconds=1)
    old_question = Question(pub_date=time)
    self.assertIs(old_question.was_published_recently(), False)

def test_was_published_recently_with_recent_question(self):
    """
    was_published_recently() returns True for questions whose pub_date
    is within the last day.
    """
    time = timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(hours=23, minutes=59, seconds=59)
    recent_question = Question(pub_date=time)
    self.assertIs(recent_question.was_published_recently(), True)

 

클라이언트 테스트

• django는 뷰레벨에서 코드와 상호작용하는 사용자를 시뮬레이트하기위해 테스트 클라이언트 클래스 Client를 제공한다.

from django.test.utils import setup_test_environment
setup_test_environment()

from django.test import Client
client = Client()

response = client.get('/')
response.status_code

from django.urls import reverse
response = client.get(reverse('polls:index'))
response.status_code

response.content
response.context['latest_question_list']

 

뷰를 개선시키기

from django.utils import timezone  
def get_queryset(self):
    """
    Return the last five published questions (not including those set to be
    published in the future).
    """
    return Question.objects.filter(
        pub_date__lte=timezone.now()
    ).order_by('-pub_date')[:5]

 

새로운 뷰 테스트

def create_question(question_text, days):
    """
    Create a question with the given `question_text` and published the
    given number of `days` offset to now (negative for questions published
    in the past, positive for questions that have yet to be published).
    """
    time = timezone.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=days)
    return Question.objects.create(question_text=question_text, pub_date=time)


class QuestionIndexViewTests(TestCase):
    def test_no_questions(self):
        """
        If no questions exist, an appropriate message is displayed.
        """
        response = self.client.get(reverse('polls:index'))
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
        self.assertContains(response, "No polls are available.")
        self.assertQuerysetEqual(response.context['latest_question_list'], [])

    def test_past_question(self):
        """
        Questions with a pub_date in the past are displayed on the
        index page.
        """
        create_question(question_text="Past question.", days=-30)
        response = self.client.get(reverse('polls:index'))
        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
            response.context['latest_question_list'],
            ['<Question: Past question.>']
        )

    def test_future_question(self):
        """
        Questions with a pub_date in the future aren't displayed on
        the index page.
        """
        create_question(question_text="Future question.", days=30)
        response = self.client.get(reverse('polls:index'))
        self.assertContains(response, "No polls are available.")
        self.assertQuerysetEqual(response.context['latest_question_list'], [])

    def test_future_question_and_past_question(self):
        """
        Even if both past and future questions exist, only past questions
        are displayed.
        """
        create_question(question_text="Past question.", days=-30)
        create_question(question_text="Future question.", days=30)
        response = self.client.get(reverse('polls:index'))
        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
            response.context['latest_question_list'],
            ['<Question: Past question.>']
        )

    def test_two_past_questions(self):
        """
        The questions index page may display multiple questions.
        """
        create_question(question_text="Past question 1.", days=-30)
        create_question(question_text="Past question 2.", days=-5)
        response = self.client.get(reverse('polls:index'))
        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
            response.context['latest_question_list'],
            ['<Question: Past question 2.>', '<Question: Past question 1.>']
        )

 

참고

• https://docs.djangoproject.com/ko/2.0/intro/tutorial05/

 

출처 : ourcstory.tistory.com/423?category=630698